Statistical description of all tests
| Comparison | Data structure | Type of test | Power or confidence interval (lower/upper 95%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Figure 1B, awake-anesthesia-recovery | Non-normal | Friedman’s and Dunn’s post hoc | Awake CI: 2.74/3.83.Anesthesia CI: 0.90/1.41Recovery CI: 2.41/3.54 |
| Figure 1E, active-sessile-anesthesia | Non-normal | Friedman’s and Dunn’s post hoc | Active CI:3.32/5.39Sessile CI:2.93/4.89Anesthesia CI: 1.48/3.47 |
| Figure 1G, narrow spiking firing rates awake-anesthesia | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | Awake CI: 4.38/9.21Anesthesia CI: 0.81/3.29 |
| Figure 1G, broad spiking firing rates awake-anesthesia | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | Awake CI: 2.23/2.88Anesthesia CI: 0.85/1.29 |
| Figure 1G, NS aw-an difference versus BS aw-an difference | Non-normal | Mann–Whitney U test | BS diff CI: 1.16/1.81NS diff CI: 2.54/6.95 |
| Figure 1H, awake-Isoflurane | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | Awake CI: 2.92/4.72Iso CI: 0.60/1.41 |
| Figure 1H, awake-Isoflurane/Dormicum | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | Awake CI: 2.51/3.30Iso/Dor CI: 0.74/1.28 |
| Figure 1H, awake-Ketamine/Xylazine | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | Awake CI: 1.78/3.27Ket/Xyl CI: 1.75/4.02 |
| Figure 1H, aw-an difference between anesthetics | Non-normal | Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s post hoc | Iso/Dor diff CI: 1.26/2.18Iso diff CI: 1.95/3.68Ket/Xyl diff CI: −1.16/0.44 |
| Figure 1J, firing rate stability over 1 h, between anesthetics | Non-normal | Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s post hoc | Iso/Dor diff CI: -0.08/0.38Iso diff CI: 0.95/2.66Ket/Xyl diff CI: −1.00/ −0.08 |
| Figure 1K, index of spontaneous and evoked activity compared between awake and anesthesia | Normal | Paired t test | Ev/sp index awake-ev/sp index anest CI: −0.20/ −0.12 |
| Figure 1M, evoked-spontaneous index change between awake and the different anesthetics | Iso/Dor diffs: Non-normalIso diffs: NormalKet/Xyl diffs: Normal | Iso/Dor: WilcoxonIso and Ket/Xyl: paired t test | Iso/Dor diff CI: −0.29/−0.17Iso diff CI: −0.18/ −0.05Ket/Xyl diff CI: −0.14/0.01 |
| Figure 1L, comparison of spontaneous aw/spontaneous an index with evoked aw/evoked an index | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | Spont Aw/Spont An index CI: 0.49/0.59Evoked Aw/Evoked An index CI: 0.27/0.36 |
| Evoked/spontaneous index comparison between moving, sessile, and anesthesia | Non-normal | Friedman’s and Dunn’s post hoc | Mov-Sess ev/sp CI: −0.03/0.08Mov-Anest ev/sp CI: −0.20/ −0.05Sess-Anest ev/sp CI: −0.24/ −0.06 |
| Figure 2B, visually evoked trough latency (LFP) | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | Aw Trough CI: 0.13/0.14An Trough CI: 0.14/0.17 |
| Figure 2B, visually evoked peak latency (LFP) | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | Aw peak CI: 0.19/0.24An peak CI: 0.28/0.42 |
| Figure 2C, comparison of the difference between trough and peak latency (LFP) in awake and anesthesia | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | Aw trough-peak CI: 0.05/0.10An trough-peak CI: 0.15/0.26 |
| Figure 2D, peak amplitude awake-anesthesia | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | Aw peak amp CI: 102/183.5An peak amp CI: 34/73.37 |
| Figure 2J, first evoked peak latency for single units, comparison aw-an | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | Aw peak CI: 96.69/112.5An peak CI:141.4/164.7 |
| Figure 2J, first evoked peak latency onset for single units, comparison aw-an | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | Aw peak CI: 63.34/87.66An peak CI:93.25/116.6 |
| Figure 2I, correlation latency aw-an | Non-normal | Spearman’s | Latency diff aw-an CI: 35/61.86 |
| Figure 2L, latency anesthetic regimes; comparison of aw-an | Iso/Dor and Iso: non-normalKet/Xyl: normal | Iso/Dor and Iso: Wilcoxon signed ranks testKet/Xyl: paired t test | Diff aw-IsoDor CI: 54.02/92.27Diff aw-Iso CI: −3.15/46.93Diff aw-KetXyl CI: −4.13/45.32 |
| Figure 2L, latency anesthetic regimes; comparison between regimes | Non-normal | Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s post hoc | Diff aw-IsoDor CI: 54.02/92.27Diff aw-Iso CI: −3.15/46.93Diff aw-KetXyl CI: −4.13/45.32 |
| Figure 3B, pair-wise CCs aw-an-re | Non-normal | Friedman’s and Dunn’s post hoc | CC Aw CI: 0.008/0.012CC An CI:0.027/0.034CC Re CI: 0.004/0.008 |
| Figure 3C, pair-wise CC aw-an correlation | Non-normal | Spearman’s rank correlation | Aw CI: 0.008/0.011An CI: 0.023/0.028 |
| Figure 3B, pair-wise CC aw-an-re1 | Non-normal | Friedman’s and Dunn’s post hoc | CC Aw CI: 0.008/0.013CC An CI: 0.029/0.036CC Re1 CI: 0.004/0.008 |
| Figure 3B, pair-wise CC aw-an-re2 | Non-normal | Friedman’s and Dunn’s post hoc | CC Aw CI: 0.007/0.012CC An CI: 0.027/0.035CC Re2 CI: 0.004/0.009 |
| Figure 3D, pair-wise CC evoked aw-an | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | CC Aw Ev CI: 0.023/0.027CC An Ev CI: 0.030/0.035 |
| Figure 3D, pair-wise CC Spontaneous aw-an | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | CC Aw Sp CI: 0.027/0.032CC An Sp CI: 0.037/0.046 |
| Figure 3D, pair-wise CC awake ev-sp | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | CC Aw Ev CI: 0.023/0.027CC Aw Sp CI: 0.027/0.032 |
| Figure 3D, pair-wise CC anesthesia ev-sp | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | CC An Ev CI: 0.030/0.035CC An Sp CI: 0.037/0.046 |
| Figure 3E, pair-wise CC Aw-BS | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | CC Aw CI: 0.005/0.011CC BS CI: 0.040/0.052 |
| Figure 3E, pair-wise CC Aw-non-BS | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | CC Aw CI: 0.008/0.016CC Non-BS CI:0.023/0.036 |
| Figure 3E, pair-wise CC Diff Aw-BS vs Aw-non-BS | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | CC Diff Aw-BS CI: −0.043/−0.033CC Diff Aw-NonBS CI: −0.022/-0.013 |
| Figure 3F, pair-wise CC across anesthetic regimes | Non-normal | Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s post hoc | CC Aw-Iso CI: −0.036/−0.027CC Aw-Ket/Xyl CI:-0.010/-0.005CC Aw Iso/Dor CI:-0.012/-0.005 |
| Figure 3G, CV in units in awake and anesthesia | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | CV Awake CI: 1.16/1.24CV Anest CI: 1.04/1.14 |
| Figure 3H, CV within Aw-Iso, Aw-Iso/Dor, Aw-Ket/Xyl | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks tests | CV Aw-iso diff CI: −0.12/0.14CV Aw-iso/dor diff CI: −0.20/−0.05CV Aw-ket/xyl diff CI: −0.35/−0.11 |
| Figure 3H, CV between anesthetic regimes | Non-normal | Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s post hoc | CV Aw-iso diff CI: −0.12/0.14CV Aw-iso/dor diff CI: −0.20/−0.05CV Aw-ket/xyl diff CI: -0.35/-0.11 |
| Figure 4A, MSL correlation between states | Non-normal | Spearman’s rank correlation | Aw1-Aw2 CI: 0.29/0.60An1-An2 CI: 0.32/0.64Aw-An CI: 0.10/0.48 |
| Figure 4B, single trial rank correlations (CC); comparison aw-aw, aw-an, an- an | Non-normal | Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s post hoc | Aw-Aw CC CI: 0.17/0.23Aw-An CC CI: 0.06/0.13An-An CC CI: 0.18/0.28 |
| Skewness test; t test to a theoretical mean of zero on single trial rank data | Normal | One-sample t test | Aw-Aw CI: 0.168/0.255Aw-An CI: 0.065/0.148An-An CI: 0.193/0.284 |
| CCs for individual populations of >15 units followed between states | Non-normal | Spearman’s rank correlation | Pop1: Aw-aw CI: 0.50/0.94Aw-an CI: −0.42/0.62Pop2: Aw-aw CI: 0.44/0.90Aw-an CI: −0.34/0.62An-an CI:0.26/0.87Pop3: Aw-aw CI: −0.03/0.77Aw-an CI: −0.06/0.77An-an CI: 0.24/0.87Pop4: Aw-aw CI: 0.05/0.80Aw-an CI: 0.32/0.88An-an CI:0.25/0.86 |
| Skewness test; t test to a theoretical mean of zero on single trial rank shuffled data | Normal | One-sample t test | Aw-Aw CI: −0.023/0.066Aw-An CI: −0.048/0.037An-An CI: −0.066/0.027 |
| ANOVA on single trial rank corr shuffle data | Normal | One-way ANOVA | Aw-Aw CI: −0.023/0.066Aw-An CI: −0.048/0.037An-An CI: −0.066/0.027 |
| Single trial rank correlations (CC) versus shuffled units in all comparisons | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks tests | Data Aw-aw CC CI: 0.17/0.23Shuffle Aw-aw CC CI: −0.012/0.05Data Aw-an CC CI: 0.06/0.13Shuffle Aw −an CC CI:0.00/0.07Data An-An CC CI: 0.18/0.28Shuffle An-an CC CI: −0.07/0.02 |
| Figure 4C Rank by rank measure. Comparison of single population CCs between states. | Normal | ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test | CC Aw-aw CI: 0.28/0.67CC Aw-an CI: −0.41/0.38CC Aw-an CI: 0.51/0.74 |
| Figure 4D, single trial rank correlations (CC) for sessile-moving vs moving-anesthesia comparison | Non-normal | Mann–Whitney U test | SessMov CI: 0.094/0.177MovAnest CI: 0.032/0.106 |
| Figure 5B, comparison of normalized responses to various spatial frequencies | Non-normal | Wilcoxon signed ranks tests | SF 0.02 c/d Aw and An CI: 0.44/0.56 and 0.42/0.5SF 0.04 c/d Aw and An CI: 0.47/0.57 and 0.42/0.54SF 0.08 c/d Aw and An CI: 0.40/0.52 and 0.41/0.54SF 0.16 c/d Aw and An CI: 0.36/0.48 and 0.31/0.42SF 0.3 c/d Aw and An CI: 0.39/0.51 and 0.29/0.40 |
| Figure 5D, correlation between awake and anesthetized normalized unit responses in units with the awake preference of low spatial frequencies | Non-normal | Spearman’s rank correlation | Low SF pref CI: 0.23/0.61 |
| Figure 5D, correlation between awake and anesthetized normalized unit responses in units with the awake preference of high spatial frequencies | Non-normal | Spearman’s rank correlation | High SF pref CI: -0.31/0.15 |
| Figure 5H, comparison of normalized responses to various temporal frequencies | 2 Hz: Normal4 Hz: Non-normal8 Hz: Normal | Paired t test and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests | TF 2 Hz Aw and An CI: 0.50/0.60 and 0.45/0.56TF 4 Hz Aw and An CI: 0.41/0.54 and 0.42/0.54TF 8 Hz Aw and An CI: 0.34/0.47 and 0.34/0.48 |
| Figure 5G, first peak latencies for units under different spatial frequencies | SF 0.02 vs 0.04, 0.08, 0.16 and 0.3 c/d: Non-normal, Normal, Normal and Normal.SF 0.04 vs 0.08, 0.16 and 0.3 c/d: Normal, Normal and Normal.SF 0.08 vs 0.16 and 0.3 c/d: Non-normal and NormalSF 0.16 vs 0.16 c/d: Normal | Paired t test and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests | SF 0.02 c/d Aw and An CI: 99.1/136.3 and 179.6/231.6SF 0.04 c/d Aw and An CI: 104.7/134.7 and 181.6/222.6SF 0.08 c/d Aw and An CI: 92.15/121 and 158.2/205.9SF 0.16 c/d Aw and An CI: 98.27/136.6 and 144.6/194.2SF 0.3 c/d Aw and An CI: 95.34/129.2 and 126.6/181.6 |
| First peak delay between awake and anesthesia in all spatial frequencies | SF 0.02 c/d: NormalSF 0.04 c/d: Non-normalSF 0.08 c/d: Non-normalSF 0.16 c/d: Non-normalSF 0.3 c/d: Normal | Paired t tests and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests | SF 0.02 c/d Diff CI: 59.8/113.8SF 0.04 c/d Diff CI: 53.57/110.1SF 0.08 c/d Diff CI: 43.25/104SF 0.16 c/d Diff CI: 26.28/88.95SF 0.3 c/d Diff CI: 5.42/73.04 |
| Figure 5J, first peak latencies for units under different temporal frequencies | TF 2 vs 4 and 8 Hz:Non-normal and NormalTF 4 vs 8 Hz: Normal | Paired t tests and Wilcoxon signed ranks test | TF 2 Hz Aw and An CI: 91.22/135.9 and 159.6/211.8TF 4 Hz Aw and An CI: 84.6/117.6 and 155.6/203.8TF 8 Hz Aw and An CI: 84.88/122.5 and 149.5/194.7 |
| First peak delay between awake and anesthesia in all spatial frequencies | TF 2 Hz:NormalTF 4 Hz: Non-normalTF 8 Hz: Normal | Paired t tests and Wilcoxon signed ranks test | TF 2 Hz Diff CI: 43.59/104.4TF 4 Hz Diff CI: 41.04/92.87TF 8 Hz Diff CI: 34.64/101.9 |