Mean values for demographic, head circumference, and behavioral measures
| Sham group | Active group | Control group | p* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total n (female n) | 20 (10) | 20 (11) | 20 (8) | 0.64 |
| Right handed (n) | 19 | 19 | 18 | 0.77 |
| Age (years) | 23.65 (3.12) | 24.10 (4.24) | 23.80 (3.33) | 0.92 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.01 (4.10) | 24.32 (2.89) | 25.80 (4.55) | 0.49 |
| Head circumference (cm) | 57.30 (2.01) | 57.30 (1.47) | 57.48 (1.61) | 0.94 |
| Sleep time (h) | 6.95 (1.06) | 6.95 (1.38) | 6.78 (1.63) | 0.90 |
| Doses of nicotine (n) | 0.65 (1.27) | 0.60 (.88) | 1.5 (2.01) | 0.10 |
| Cups of coffee (n) | 0.60 (.82) | 0.75 (1.29) | 0.85 (1.01) | 0.77 |
| Awake time (h) | 5.25 (2.29) | 5.57 (3.42) | 4.10 (2.44) | 0.22 |
| Impedance (kΩ) | NA | 5.01 (1.09) | NA | NA |
| No nicotine doses (n) | 14 | 13 | 9 | NA |
| No coffee (n) | 11 | 12 | 9 | NA |
Values are reported as the mean (SD), unless otherwise indicated. Frequencies for participants who did not consume nicotine and caffeine 2 h before the experiment are displayed. NA, Not applicable.
*p Value for one-way ANOVA for variable × group interaction.