PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Michal T. Kucewicz
AU  - Brent M. Berry
AU  - Vaclav Kremen
AU  - Laura R. Miller
AU  - Fatemeh Khadjevand
AU  - Youssef Ezzyat
AU  - Joel M. Stein
AU  - Paul Wanda
AU  - Michael R. Sperling
AU  - Richard Gorniak
AU  - Kathryn A. Davis
AU  - Barbara C. Jobst
AU  - Robert E. Gross
AU  - Bradley Lega
AU  - S. Matt Stead
AU  - Daniel S. Rizzuto
AU  - Michael J. Kahana
AU  - Gregory A. Worrell
TI  - Electrical Stimulation Modulates High γ Activity and Human Memory Performance
AID  - 10.1523/ENEURO.0369-17.2018
DP  - 2018 Jan 01
TA  - eneuro
PG  - ENEURO.0369-17.2018
VI  - 5
IP  - 1
4099  - http://www.eneuro.org/content/5/1/ENEURO.0369-17.2018.short
4100  - http://www.eneuro.org/content/5/1/ENEURO.0369-17.2018.full
SO  - eNeuro2018 Jan 01; 5
AB  - Direct electrical stimulation of the brain has emerged as a powerful treatment for multiple neurological diseases, and as a potential technique to enhance human cognition. Despite its application in a range of brain disorders, it remains unclear how stimulation of discrete brain areas affects memory performance and the underlying electrophysiological activities. Here, we investigated the effect of direct electrical stimulation in four brain regions known to support declarative memory: hippocampus (HP), parahippocampal region (PH) neocortex, prefrontal cortex (PF), and lateral temporal cortex (TC). Intracranial EEG recordings with stimulation were collected from 22 patients during performance of verbal memory tasks. We found that high γ (62–118 Hz) activity induced by word presentation was modulated by electrical stimulation. This modulatory effect was greatest for trials with “poor” memory encoding. The high γ modulation correlated with the behavioral effect of stimulation in a given brain region: it was negative, i.e., the induced high γ activity was decreased, in the regions where stimulation decreased memory performance, and positive in the lateral TC where memory enhancement was observed. Our results suggest that the effect of electrical stimulation on high γ activity induced by word presentation may be a useful biomarker for mapping memory networks and guiding therapeutic brain stimulation.