RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation: Basic Concepts and Novel Perspectives
JF eneuro
JO eNeuro
FD Society for Neuroscience
SP ENEURO.0140-17.2017
DO 10.1523/ENEURO.0140-17.2017
VO 4
IS 5
A1 Clement Hamani
A1 Gerson Florence
A1 Helmut Heinsen
A1 Birgit R. Plantinga
A1 Yasin Temel
A1 Kamil Uludag
A1 Eduardo Alho
A1 Manoel J. Teixeira
A1 Edson Amaro
A1 Erich T. Fonoff
YR 2017
UL http://www.eneuro.org/content/4/5/ENEURO.0140-17.2017.abstract
AB Over the last decades, extensive basic and clinical knowledge has been acquired on the use of subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson’s disease (PD). It is now clear that mechanisms involved in the effects of this therapy are far more complex than previously anticipated. At frequencies commonly used in clinical practice, neural elements may be excited or inhibited and novel dynamic states of equilibrium are reached. Electrode contacts used for chronic DBS in PD are placed near the dorsal border of the nucleus, a highly cellular region. DBS may thus exert its effects by modulating these cells, hyperdirect projections from motor cortical areas, afferent and efferent fibers to the motor STN. Advancements in neuroimaging techniques may allow us to identify these structures optimizing surgical targeting. In this review, we provide an update on mechanisms and the neural elements modulated by STN DBS.