TY - JOUR T1 - Orientation Tuning Depends on Spatial Frequency in Mouse Visual Cortex JF - eneuro JO - eNeuro DO - 10.1523/ENEURO.0217-16.2016 VL - 3 IS - 5 SP - ENEURO.0217-16.2016 AU - Inbal Ayzenshtat AU - Jesse Jackson AU - Rafael Yuste Y1 - 2016/09/01 UR - http://www.eneuro.org/content/3/5/ENEURO.0217-16.2016.abstract N2 - The response properties of neurons to sensory stimuli have been used to identify their receptive fields and to functionally map sensory systems. In primary visual cortex, most neurons are selective to a particular orientation and spatial frequency of the visual stimulus. Using two-photon calcium imaging of neuronal populations from the primary visual cortex of mice, we have characterized the response properties of neurons to various orientations and spatial frequencies. Surprisingly, we found that the orientation selectivity of neurons actually depends on the spatial frequency of the stimulus. This dependence can be easily explained if one assumed spatially asymmetric Gabor-type receptive fields. We propose that receptive fields of neurons in layer 2/3 of visual cortex are indeed spatially asymmetric, and that this asymmetry could be used effectively by the visual system to encode natural scenes. ER -