PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Ajay X. Thomas
AU  - Yasmin Cruz Del Angel
AU  - Marco I. Gonzalez
AU  - Andrew J. Carrel
AU  - Jessica Carlsen
AU  - Philip M. Lam
AU  - Barbara L. Hempstead
AU  - Shelley. J. Russek
AU  - Amy R. Brooks-Kayal
TI  - Rapid Increases in proBDNF after Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus in Mice Are Associated with Reduced proBDNF Cleavage Machinery
AID  - 10.1523/ENEURO.0020-15.2016
DP  - 2016 Jan 01
TA  - eneuro
PG  - ENEURO.0020-15.2016
VI  - 3
IP  - 1
4099  - http://www.eneuro.org/content/3/1/ENEURO.0020-15.2016.short
4100  - http://www.eneuro.org/content/3/1/ENEURO.0020-15.2016.full
SO  - eneuro2016 Jan 01; 3
AB  - Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels are elevated after status epilepticus (SE), leading to activation of multiple signaling pathways, including the janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway that mediates a decrease in GABAA receptor α1 subunits in the hippocampus (Lund et al., 2008). While BDNF can signal via its pro or mature form, the relative contribution of these forms to signaling after SE is not fully known. In the current study, we investigate changes in proBDNF levels acutely after SE in C57BL/6J mice. In contrast to previous reports (Unsain et al., 2008; Volosin et al., 2008; VonDran et al., 2014), our studies found that levels of proBDNF in the hippocampus are markedly elevated as early as 3 h after SE onset and remain elevated for 7 d. Immunohistochemistry studies indicate that seizure-induced BDNF localizes to all hippocampal subfields, predominantly in principal neurons and also in astrocytes. Analysis of the proteolytic machinery that cleaves proBDNF to produce mature BDNF demonstrates that acutely after SE there is a decrease in tissue plasminogen activator and an increase in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), an inhibitor of extracellular and intracellular cleavage, which normalizes over the first week after SE. In vitro treatment of hippocampal slices from animals 24 h after SE with a PAI-1 inhibitor reduces proBDNF levels. These findings suggest that rapid proBDNF increases following SE are due in part to reduced cleavage, and that proBDNF may be part of the initial neurotrophin response driving intracellular signaling during the acute phase of epileptogenesis.