TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of Immediate Early Genes in the Nervous System of Snail <em>Helix lucorum</em> JF - eneuro JO - eNeuro DO - 10.1523/ENEURO.0416-18.2019 VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - ENEURO.0416-18.2019 AU - Chuan Xu AU - Qian Li AU - Olga Efimova AU - Xi Jiang AU - Marina Petrova AU - Alia K. Vinarskaya AU - Peter Kolosov AU - Nikolay Aseyev AU - Kira Koshkareva AU - Victor N. Ierusalimsky AU - Pavel M. Balaban AU - Philipp Khaitovich Y1 - 2019/05/01 UR - http://www.eneuro.org/content/6/3/ENEURO.0416-18.2019.abstract N2 - Immediate early genes (IEGs) are useful markers of neuronal activation and essential components of neuronal response. While studies of gastropods have provided many insights into the basic learning and memory mechanisms, the genome-wide assessment of IEGs has been mainly restricted to vertebrates. In this study, we identified IEGs in the terrestrial snail Helix lucorum. In the absence of the genome, we conducted de novo transcriptome assembly using reads with short and intermediate lengths cumulatively covering more than 98 billion nucleotides. Based on this assembly, we identified 37 proteins corresponding to contigs differentially expressed (DE) in either the parietal ganglia (PaG) or two giant interneurons located within the PaG of the snail in response to the neuronal stimulation. These proteins included homologues of well-known mammalian IEGs, such as c-jun/jund, C/EBP, c-fos/fosl2, and Egr1, as well as homologues of genes not yet implicated in the neuronal response. ER -